[Igama lesiLatini] Sambucus nigra

[Ukucaciswa] I-Anthocyanidins15% 25% UV

[Ukubukeka] Impushana ecwebezelayo ensomi

Ingxenye Yesitshalo Esetshenzisiwe: Isithelo

[Usayizi wezinhlayiya] 80Mesh

[Ukulahlekelwa lapho omiswa] ≤5.0%

[Insimbi Esindayo] ≤10PPM

[Isitoreji] Gcina endaweni epholile neyomile, gwema ukukhanya nokushisa okuqondile.

[Impilo yeshelufu] Izinyanga ezingama-24

[Iphakheji] Ipakishwe ngezigubhu zephepha kanye nezikhwama zepulasitiki ezimbili ngaphakathi.

[Isisindo esiphelele] 25kgs/isigubhu

Yini i-elderberry extract?]

I-Elderberry extract ivela esithelweni se-Sambucus nigra noma i-Black Elder, uhlobo olutholakala eYurophu, eNtshonalanga ye-Asia, eNyakatho Afrika naseNyakatho Melika. Ebizwa ngokuthi “isifuba somuthi sabantu abavamile,” izimbali ezindala, amajikijolo, amaqabunga, amagxolo, nezimpande konke sekuye kwasetshenziswa amakhulu eminyaka emithini yesintu. ama-amino acid. I-Elderberry kukholakala ukuthi inokusetshenziswa kokwelapha njenge-anti-inflammatory, diuretic, kanye ne-immunostimulant.

[Umsebenzi]

1. Njengomuthi impahla eluhlaza: Ingakhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwezilonda zamathumbu; Ingasetshenziselwa i-hepatitis eyingozi futhi engapheli kanye ne-hepatitis evocable hepatomegaly, i-hepatocirrhosis; ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa komsebenzi wesibindi.

2. Njengombala wokudla: Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhekhe, isiphuzo, uswidi, u-ayisikhilimu njll.

3. Njengezinto ezibonakalayo zamakhemikhali zokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemithi yokuxubha amazinyo nezimonyo.

Nalu uhlu lwabantu….
I-Methadone-oral 80-90%, isigamu sempilo- amahora angama-24-36, i-rectal 76%
I-Ketobemiodone oral yayingu-34% +/-10%, i-rectally 44% +/- 9%, isigamu sempilo singamahora angu-2.25- 2.45
I-Meperidine rectal bioavailability ilinganiselwa ku-55%, 80% kuya ku-85% IM, ukususwa kwesigamu sempilo 3.0 h
I-Buprenorphine iboshelwe amaprotheni amaningi angama-96%, i-sublingual bioavailability icishe ibe ngu-30%, ngomlomo i-15-22%, i-90-100% IM, isigamu sempilo singamahora ayi-12-44.
I-Hydromorphone- izikhathi ezi-5-8 ezinamandla njenge-morphine, i-intranasal- 52.4%, ukuphathwa kwe-Rectal 33%, i-Oral-30-35%, (futhi kubikwe ngokuthi 50.7% +/- 29.8% ngomlomo; 33% +/- 22% we-rectal; 54.4% - 59.8% emakhaleni)
I-Dihydrocodeine oral-20-21% halflife 4 amahora
I-Heroin oral ~35% IV- 100% IM-85% Ibhenyiwe (noma i-vaporized?) 52-55% okuphuma kokuphuma kwe-Semisynthetic okuhwamuke, Intranasal 44-61%
I-Fentanyl- Bioavailability 92% (transdermal), 50% (i-sublingual/ buccal (ngokumelene nesihlathi), amaprotheni abopha 80-85%, uhhafu wempilo amahora angu-3-12
I-Sufentanil intranasal bio- 78%,
I-Remifentanil Protein ibopha ama-70% (eboshelwe kumaprotheni e-plasma) Isigamu sempilo 1-20 imizuzu
I-Alfentanil-IV ~ 100%, i-92% yokubopha amaprotheni, isigamu sempilo amahora angu-1.5-2
I-Morphine ~ 32% yomlomo/rectal, efakwe umoya- 15-20%, i-Chitosan(i-polysaccharide eqondile esiza ukumunca kangcono izidakamizwa) ikhonjiswe ukuthi yenyusa ukutholakala kwe-morphine emakhaleni kusuka cishe ku-10-20% kuya ngaphezu kuka-60%, SC-60% , amaprotheni abopha i-30-40%, isigamu sempilo amahora angu-2-3
I-Oxycodone-oral 60-87% intranasal- ihlukahluka kakhulu 45-70%
I-Hydrocodone- oral bioavailability akwaziwa ngempela kodwa iseduze ne-oxycodone bioavailability, ~70% yayo ivamise ukumuncwa, uhhafu wempilo amahora angu-4-8.
I-Oxymorphone nasal bioavailty [43%] yomlomo iphansi ngo-10-20%
Butorphanol -oral 5-17% ngenxa high lokuqala pass umzimba
I-Tramadol- i-absolute bioavailability ye-tramadol emukelwe nge-rectally kuma-suppositories yayingu-77.0%, i-Oral-68-72% (Yandisa umthamo ophindaphindiwe) Isigamu sempilo amahora angu-5-7
I-Codeine- elandela ukuphathwa kwerectal noma ngomlomo ngokutholakala okuhlelekile okungaba ngu-90%; ocwaningweni olulodwa imvume yahlukahluka ukutholakala okuphindwe ka-4 kanye nesistimu ngemuva komthamo womlomo wawuphakathi kuka-50 no-84%
I-Diphenoxylate Protein ibopha 74-95% Ingxenye yempilo amahora ayi-12-14 esetshenziselwa isifo sohudo, (ayiweqi kahle umgoqo wegazi nobuchopho)
Ukumuncwa kwe-Pethidine(meperidine) I-bioavailability yomlomo ingu-50-60% ezigulini ezinomsebenzi ojwayelekile we-hepatic. I-IM 80-85%, I-Protein Binding 65-75%, Half Life 3-5 amahora
I-Normeperidine icishe ibe yingxenye enamandla njenge-meperidine, kodwa inemiphumela yokuvuselela i-CNS kabili.
I-Pentazocine- I-Bioavailability ~ 20% ngomlomo, I-Half-life 2 amahora angu-3

Ama-Opiate Antagonists
Naloxone oral- 2-4% (90% ukumuncwa kodwa high-pass metabolism high), Isigamu sempilo 1-1.5 amahora
I-Naltrexone Oral Bioavailability 5-40%, Amaprotheni abopha 21%, Isigamu sempilo-4 amahora (naltrexone),
kanye namahora angu-13 (6-β-naltrexol) (metabolite)

I-OMS iwuhlelo lwendlela yokuphila enempilo ehlose ukusiza abantu baphile isikhathi eside, izimpilo ezinempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezijwayelekile ezihlobene ne-Multiple Sclerosis. I-OMS isuselwe ocwaningweni oluqinile lwesayensi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngohlelo lwe-OMS, bheka ku-www.overcomingms.org kanye nencwadi kaSolwazi George Jelinek ethi, 'Overcoming Multiple Sclerosis'.