[Magaca Laatiinka] Sambucus nigra

[Tilmaanta] Anthocyanidins15% 25% UV

[Muuqaalka] Budada khafiifka ah ee guduudan

Qaybta Dhirta ee la isticmaalo: Miraha

[Xajmiga qaybta] 80 Mesh

[khasaaraha qallajinta] ≤5.0%

[Bir culus] ≤10PPM

[Kaydinta] Ku kaydi meel qabow & qalalan, ka fogow iftiinka tooska ah iyo kulaylka.

[Nolosha shelf] 24 bilood

[ Xidhmada] Ka buuxaan durbaanno waraaqo ah iyo laba bac oo gudaha ah.

[Miisaanka saafiga ah] 25kgs/durbaan

Waa maxay soosaarkii elderberry?

Soosaarida Elderberry waxay ka timaadaa midhaha Sambucus nigra ama Black Elder, oo ah nooc laga helo Yurub, Galbeedka Aasiya, Waqooyiga Afrika, iyo Waqooyiga Ameerika. Waxaa loogu yeeraa "xabadka dawada ee dadka caadiga ah," ubaxa, miraha, caleemaha, jilif, iyo xididdada ayaa qarniyo badan loo isticmaali jiray dawooyinka dhaqanka. amino acids. Elderberry waxaa la rumeysan yahay inuu leeyahay isticmaalka daawaynta sida ka-hortagga bararka, durayo, iyo difaaca-kiciya.

[Shaqada]

1. Sida daawada alaabta ceeriin: Waxay kor u qaadi kartaa bogsashada boogaha caloosha; Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa cagaarshowga ba'an iyo kuwa daba-dheeraada iyo cagaarshowga cagaarshow-ka-baxa hepatomegaly, hepatocirrhosis; kor u qaadista bogsashada shaqada beerka.

2. Sida midabka cuntada: Si weyn loogu isticmaalo keega, cabitaanka, nacnaca, jalaatada iwm.

3. Sida alaabta ceeriin ee kiimikaad ee isticmaalka maalinlaha ah: Si weyn loogu isticmaalo noocyo badan oo dawooyinka cagaarka ah iyo kuwa la isku qurxiyo.

Waa kan liiska dadka….
Methadone-afka 80-90%, nolosha kala bar - 24-36 saacadood, malawadka 76%
Ketobemiodone afka waa 34% +/- 10%, malawadka 44% +/- 9%, nolosha badhku waa 2.25-2.45 saacadood
Malawadka Meperidine bioavailability waa qiyaastii 55%, 80% ilaa 85% IM, baabi'inta nolosha nuska ah 3.0 saacadood
Buprenorphine borotiin aad u sarreeya ayaa ku xidhan 96%, bioavailability subblingual waa qiyaastii 30%, afka waa 15-22%, 90-100% IM, ciribtirka nuska nolosha waa 12-44 saacadood
Hydromorphone- 5-8 jeer ka xoog badan sida morphine, intranasal- 52.4%, maamulka malawadka 33%, afka-30-35%, (sidoo kale lagu sheegay 50.7% +/- 29.8% afka; 33% +/- 22% malawadka; 54.4% - 59.8% sanka)
Dihydrocodeine afka-20-21% nolosha nuska ah 4 saacadood
Heroin afka ~ 35% IV- 100% IM-85% Sigaar cabbin (ama uumi?) 52-55% derivative Semisynthetic uumiga, Intranasal 44-61%
Fentanyl- Bioavailability 92% (transdermal), 50% (sublingual/buccal (daanka ka soo horjeeda), Protein ku xidhma 80-85%, nolosha badhkeed 3-12 saacadood
Sufentanil intranasal bio- 78%,
Remifentanil Protein oo ku xidhan 70% (ku xidhan borotiinada balasmaha) Nolosha badhkeed 1-20 daqiiqo
Alfentanil- IV ~ 100%, 92% borotiinka ku xiran, nolosha kala bar waa 1.5-2 saacadood
Morphine ~ 32% afka/malawadka, daboolan- 15-20%, Chitosan(polysaccharide toosan oo ka caawisa in si fiican u nuugo dawooyinka) ayaa la muujiyay inay kordhiso bioavailability sanka ee morphine laga bilaabo 10-20% ilaa in ka badan 60%, SC-60% , borotiinka isku xidha 30-40%, nolosha badhku waa 2-3 saacadood
Oxycodone-afka 60-87% gudaha sanka- si weyn ayaa u kala duwan 45-70%
Hydrocodone - bioavailability afka run ahaantii lama yaqaan laakiin waxay ku dhowdahay oxycodone bioavailability, ~ 70% ka mid ah inta badan waa la nuugo, nolosha badhkeed waa 4-8 saacadood.
Oxymorphone sanka bioavailabilty [43%] afka ayaa hooseeya 10-20%
Butorphanol - afka 5-17% sababtoo ah dheef-shiid kiimikaad koowaad ee sare
Tramadol- helista buuxda ee noole ee tramadol ee dabada laga soo galiyay ee suppositories waxay ahayd 77.0%, afka-68-72%
Codeine- raacaya malawadka ama maamulka afka oo leh nidaam la heli karo qiyaastii 90%; Mid ka mid ah caddaynta daraasadda ayaa kala duwanaatay 4-laab iyo helitaanka nidaamsan ka dib qiyaasta afka ayaa u dhaxaysay 50 iyo 84%
Diphenoxylate Protein xidhidh 74-95% Nolosha nuska ah 12-14 saacadood loo isticmaalo shuban, (si la mahadiyo kama gudubto xannibaadda dhiigga-maskaxda)
Pethidine (meperidine) nuugista noole-nololeedka afka waa 50-60% bukaanada leh shaqada beerka caadiga ah. IM 80-85%, Borotiinku xidhidhiyaha 65-75%, Nolosha kala badh 3-5 saacadood
Normeperidine waxay qiyaastii kala badh ka xoog badan tahay meperidine, laakiin waxay leedahay laba jeer saamaynta kicinta CNS.
Pentazocine- Bioavailability ~ 20% afka, nolosha nuska ah 2 ilaa 3 saacadood

Kahortagayaasha opiate
Naloxone afka - 2-4% (90% nuugista laakiin dheef-shiid kiimikaad koowaad ee hore), Nolosha nuska ah 1-1.5 saacadood
Naltrexone Oral Bioavailability 5-40%, Protein ku xidha 21%, Nolosha nus-4 saacadood (naltrexone),
iyo 13 saacadood (6-β-naltrexol) (metabolite)

OMS waa barnaamij qaab-nololeed togan oo ujeeddadiisu tahay in lagu caawiyo dadka inay noolaadaan nolol dheer, nolol caafimaad qabta iyada oo aan lahayn dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee la xidhiidha sclerosis badan. OMS waxay ku salaysan tahay cilmi-baaris cilmiyeed oo adag. Si aad u hesho tafaasiil dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan barnaamijka OMS, eeg www.overcomingms.org iyo Buugga Professor George Jelinek, 'Ka-Kabashada Multiple Sclerosis'.