[Ingoa Raina] Sambucus nigra

[Whakaahua] Anthocyanidins15% 25% UV

[Te ahua] Te paura pai papura

Te Waahanga Tipu i Whakamahia: Hua

[Rahi matūriki] 80Mesh

[Ngaronga i te whakamaroketanga] ≤5.0%

[Meamaha Taumaha] ≤10PPM

[Pupuri] Rokiroki ki te waahi makariri me te maroke, kia matara atu i te marama tika me te wera.

[Te ora] 24 Marama

[Package] Ka mau ki roto i nga pahū-pepa me nga peeke kirihou e rua ki roto.

[Taimaha kupenga] 25kgs/drum

[He aha te tangohanga elderberry?]

Ko te tangohanga Elderberry ka puta mai i te hua o te Sambucus nigra or Black Elder, he momo ka kitea i Uropi, i Ahia ki te hauauru, i Awherika ki te Raki, me Amerika Te Tai Tokerau. Ka kiia ko "te pouaka rongoa o te iwi noa," kua whakamahia nga puawai kaumatua, nga hua, rau, kiri, me nga pakiaka mo nga rau tau i roto i nga rongoa tuku iho. waikawa amino. E whakaponohia ana kei a Elderberry nga whakamahinga rongoa hei anti-inflammatory, diuretic, me te immuno-stimulant.

[Mahi]

1. Hei rongoa rongoa: Ka taea e ia te whakatairanga i te whakaora o nga mate whekau; Ka taea te whakamahi mo te mate pukupuku whakapeka me te mate pukupuku me te mate pukupuku evocable hepatomegaly, hepatocirrhosis; whakatairanga i te whakaora o te mahi ate.

2. Ka rite ki te kai tae: Ka whakamahia i roto i nga keke, inu, monamona, aihikirimi etc.

3. Hei rauemi mata matū mo te whakamahi i ia ra: Ka whakamahia i roto i te maha o nga momo rongoa rongoa matomato me nga mea whakapaipai.

Anei te rarangi tangata….
Methadone-waha 80-90%, haurua ora- 24-36 haora, tapau 76%
Ko te Ketobemiodone-waha ko te 34% +/-10%, ko te taha tika 44% +/- 9%, ko te haurua o te ora he 2.25- 2.45 haora.
Meperidine rectal bioavailability he āhua 55%, 80% ki te 85% IM, whakakorenga haurua-ora 3.0 h
Ko te Buprenorphine he pūmua tino herea 96%, ko te bioavailability i roto i te reo he 30%, he 15-22% te waha, 90-100% IM, ko te haurua o te ora ko te 12-44 haora.
Hydromorphone– 5-8 wa kaha ake i te morphine, intranasal- 52.4%, Rectal administration 33% ,Oral-30-35%, (he korero ano ko te 50.7% +/- 29.8% te waha; 33% +/- 22% rectal; 54.4% – 59.8% ihu)
Dihydrocodeine waha-20-21% haurua ora 4 haora
Heroin-waha ~35% IV- 100% IM-85% He paowa (he whakangohu ranei?) 52-55% he whakangohu Semisynthetic derivative, Intranasal 44-61%
Fentanyl- Bioavailability 92% (transdermal), 50% (sublingual/buccal (ki te paparinga), Protein here 80-85%, hawhe-ora 3-12 haora
Sufentanil intranasal bio- 78%,
Remifentanil Pūmua here 70% (herea ki te pūmua plasma) Haurua ora 1-20 meneti
Alfentanil- IV ~ 100%, 92% pūmua here, haurua ora ko 1.5-2 haora
Morphine ~32% oral/rectal, insuffulated- 15-20%, Chitosan(he polysaccharide linear e awhina pai ake ana i nga raau taero) kua whakaatuhia ki te whakanui ake i te koiora nasal o te morphine mai i te 10-20% ki te neke atu i te 60%, SC-60% , pūmua here 30-40%, haurua-ora he 2-3 haora
Oxycodone-waha 60-87% intranasal- he rerekee 45-70%
Kaore i te tino mohiotia te koiora-a-waha o te hydrocodone engari kei te taha o te oxycodone bioavailability, ~ 70% o te nuinga ka uru, ko te haurua o te ora ko te 4-8 haora.
Oxymorphone nasal bioavailability [43%] waha iti 10-20%
Butorphanol -waha 5-17% na te nui o te whakawhiti tuatahi
Tramadol- Ko te tino koiora o te tramadol kua tukuna tika i roto i nga suppositories ko 77.0%, Oral-68-72% (Ka piki ake me te tukurua) Te haurua o te ora 5-7 haora
Codeine- e whai ana i te whakawhanaungatanga, i te waha ranei, me te 90% pea kei te waatea; i roto i tetahi rangahau he rereke te 4 nga wa me te waatea i muri i te horopeta-waha i waenga i te 50 me te 84%
Ko te Diphenoxylate Protein here 74-95% Te haurua o te ora 12-14 haora ka whakamahia mo te mate korere, (kaore e tino whiti i te arai toto-roro)
Pethidine(meperidine) Absorption Ko te 50-60% te koiora-a-waha i roto i nga turoro he mahi ate noa. IM 80-85%, Herea Pūmua 65-75%, Haurua Ora 3-5 haora
Ko te Normeperidine he haurua te kaha o te meperidine, engari e rua nga hua whakaihiihi CNS.
Pentazocine- Bioavailability ~20% waha, Hawhe-ora 2 ki te 3 haora

Nga Kaipatu Opiate
Naloxone waha- 2-4% (90% absorption engari teitei tuatahi-pass metabolism), Hawhe ora 1-1.5 haora
Naltrexone Oral Bioavailability 5-40%, Pūmua here 21%, Haurua ora-4 haora (naltrexone),
me nga haora 13 (6-β-naltrexol) (metabolite)

Ko te OMS he kaupapa noho pai e whai ana ki te awhina i nga tangata ki te noho roa, ki te ora hauora me te kore nga raru e pa ana ki te Multiple Sclerosis. Ko te OMS i ahu mai i te rangahau pūtaiao kaha. Mo etahi atu korero mo te kaupapa OMS, tirohia www.overcomingms.org me te pukapuka a Ahorangi George Jelinek, 'Overcoming Multiple Sclerosis'.