[Latin Name]  Piper methyicium L.

[Specification] Kavalactones ≥30.0%

[Appearance] Yellow powder

Plant Part Used: Root

[Particle size] 80Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[What is Kava?]

Kava, also known as piper methysticum, kava kava, and ‘awa, is a small shrub native to the islands in the South Pacific. The root and stems are made into a non-alcoholic, psychoactive beverage that has been used socially and ceremonially for hundreds of years in Hawaii, Fiji, and Tonga.

Kava is traditionally prepared by placing ground root and stem into a porous sack, submerging in water, and squeezing the juice into a large, carved, wooden bowl. Coconut half-shell cups are dipped and filled — punch bowl style. After drinking a cup or two a feeling of heightened attention combined with relaxation begins to come on. Although it is soothing, it is unlike alcohol in that thoughts remain clear. The flavor is largely inoffensive, but some find that it takes getting used to; it really depends on your preference for earthy flavors.

[Kava is Safe to Use]

The safe and effective benefits of kava to relieve symptoms of anxiety were also supported in a meta-analysis, a systematic statistical review of seven human clinical trials published in 2000 in the Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, and again in a similar critical review in 2001. The reviews did not find significant adverse effects related to liver toxicity.

In conclusion, the liver is affected by many substances, including prescription and non- prescription drugs, as well as alcohol, which is a major cause of liver damage. We must be aware that herbs are potent medicines, to be treated with the appropriate respect regarding potential interactions and toxicity, including to the liver. On the other hand, Kava kava’s margin of safety far surpasses that of it’s pharmaceutical equivalent.

[Function]

Kava’s can help offset a number of problems, most notably stress, anxiety, and disrupted sleep patterns. However, kava’s anxiolytic (anti-panic or anti-anxiety agent) and calming properties can offset many other stress and anxiety related ailments.

1. Kava as a Therapy for Anxiety
2. Kava May Remedy Menopausal Mood Swings

3. Weight Loss

4. Combat Premature Aging

5. Quit Smoking Aid

6. Combat pain as an analgesic

7. Insomnia

8. Depression

Developed and produced by https://www.MechanismsinMedicine.com
Animation Description: This animation starts with the explanation of bacterial cell wall synthesis, the process targeted by ß-Lactams.
Structurally, most bacteria consist of a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall and, for some bacteria, an additional outer layer. Internal to the cell membrane is the cytoplasm which contains ribosomes, a nuclear region and in some cases granules and/or vesicles. Depending on the bacterial species, a number of different external structures may be found such as a capsule, flagella and pili.
In gram negative bacteria, the gap between the cell membrane and the cell wall is known as the periplasmic space. Most gram positive bacteria do not possess a periplasmic space but have only periplasm where metabolic digestion occurs and new cell peptidoglycan is attached. Peptidoglycan, the most important component of the cell wall, is a polymer made of N-acetyl muramic acid alternating with N-acetyl glucosamine which are cross-linked by chains of four amino acids. The function of the bacterial cell wall is to maintain the characteristic shape of the organism and to prevent the bacterium from bursting when fluid flows into the organism by osmosis.
Synthesis of peptidoglycan and ultimately the bacterial cell wall occurs in a number of stages. One of the first stages is the addition of 5 amino acids to N-acetyl muramic acid. Next, N-acetyl glucosamine is added to the N-acetyl muramic acid to form a precursor of peptidoglycan. This peptidoglycan precursor is then transported across the cell membrane to a cell wall acceptor in the periplasm.
Once in the periplasm, the peptidoglycan precursors bind to cell wall acceptors, and undergo extensive crosslinking. Two major enzymes are involved in crosslinking: transpeptidase and D-alanyl carboxypeptidase. These enzymes are also known as penicillin binding proteins because of their ability to bind penicillins and cephalosporins.
Eventually, several layers of peptidoglycan are formed all of which are crosslinked to create the cell wall. Gram positive bacteria have many more layers than gram negative bacteria and thus have a much thicker cell wall.
Beta-lactam antibiotics include all penicillins and cephalosporins that contain a chemical structure called a beta-lactam ring. This structure is capable of binding to the enzymes that cross-link peptidoglycans.
Beta-lactams interfere with cross-linking by binding to transpeptidase and D-alanyl carboxypeptidase enzymes, thus preventing bacterial cell wall synthesis.
By inhibiting cell wall synthesis, the bacterial cell is damaged. Gram positive bacteria have a high internal osmotic pressure. Without a normal, rigid cell wall, these cells burst when subjected to the low osmotic pressure of their surrounding environment. As well, the antibiotic-penicillin binding protein complex stimulates the release of autolysins that are capable of digesting the existing cell wall. Beta-lactam antibiotics are therefore considered bactericidal agents.
Bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics may be acquired by several routes. One of the most important mechanisms is through a process known as transformation. During transformation, chromosomal genes are transferred from one bacterium to another.
When a bacterium containing a resistance gene dies, naked DNA is released into the surrounding environment. If a bacterium of sufficient similarity to the dead one is in the vicinity, it will be able to uptake the naked DNA containing the resistance gene.
Once inside the bacterium, the resistance gene may be transferred from the naked DNA to the chromosome of the host bacteria by a process known as homologous transformation. Over time, the bacterium may acquire enough of these resistance genes to result in a remodelling of the segment of the host DNA.
If this remodelled DNA segment codes for cross-linking enzymes (i.e. penicillin binding proteins), the result is the production of altered penicillin binding proteins.
These altered penicillin binding proteins can still cross-link the peptidoglycan layers of the cell wall but have a reduced affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics thus rendering the bacterium resistant to the effects of penicillin and other beta-lactam agents. This transfer process has resulted in penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae through the acquisition of genes from other naturally occurring penicillin-resistant Streptococcus species.
A second important mechanism by which bacteria become resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics is by the production of enzymes capable of inactivating or modifying the drug before it has a chance to exert its effect on the bacteria.
View animation to read more.

No vídeo de hoje eu compartilho uma descoberta que deixou minhas ondas definidas e não pesou no meu fio 2A que é muito fininho

Composição do leave-in da Trivitt:
AQUA, CETEARYL ALCOHOL, GLYCERIN, ACETAMIDE MEA, PARAFFINUM LIQUIDUM, CETYL ALCOHOL, CYCLOPENTASILOXANE, DIMETHICONOL, DIMETHICONE CROSSPOLYMER, POLYQUATERNIUM-55, CETRIMONIUM CHLORIDE, CITRIC ACID, CYCLOMETHICONE, LAURETH-23, LAURETH-4, PARFUM, PHENYL TRIMETHICNE, HYDROXYETHYLCELLULOSE, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, DIAZOLIDINYL UREA, IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE, PHENOXYETHANOL, METHYLPARABEN, ETHYLPARABEN, BUTYLPARABEN, ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRACETIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT, BHT, POLYMNIA SONCHIFOLIA EXTRACT, XANTHAN GUM, SODIUM PCA, SODIUM LACTATE, ARGININE, ASPARTIC ACID, PCA, GLYCINE, ALANINE, SERINE, VALINE, PROLINE, TREONINE, ISOLEUCINE, HISTIDINE, PHENYLALANINE, ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS LEAF EXTRACT, CHAMOMILLA RECUTITA FLOWER EXTRACT, ACHYROCLINE SATUREOIDES FLOWER EXTRACT, LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA EXTRACT, CHLOROPHYLLIN-COPPER COMPLEX, OLUS OIL, CAMELINA SATIVA OIL, HEXYL CINNAMAL, D-LIMONENE, BUTYLPHENYL METHYLPROPIONAL, CITRONELLOL, GERANIOL, ALPHA-ISOMETHYL IONONE, CITRAL, LINALOOL.

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