[Latin Name] Amorphophallus konjac

[Plant Source] from China

[Specifications] Glucomannan85%-90%

[Appearance] White or cream-color powder

Plant Part Used:Root

[Particle size] 120 Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤10.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[Introduction]

Konjac is a plant that is found in China, Japan and Indonesia. The plant is part of the genus Amorphophallus. Typically, it thrives in the warmer regions of Asia.

The extract of the Konjac root is referred to as Glucomannan. Glucomannan is a fiber-like substance traditionally used in food recipes, but now it is utilized as an alternative means of weight loss. Along with this benefit, konjac extract contains other benefits for the rest of the body as well.

The main material of the natural konjac gum is fresh konjac, which grow in virgin forest in Hubei area. We use advanced method to distill the KGM, aminophenol, Ca, Fe, Se which are good for health. Konjac is known as“ the seventh nutriment for human”.

Konjac Gum with its special water holiding capacity, stability, emulsibility, thickening property,suspension property and gel propery can especially adopted in food industry.

[Main Function]

1.It could reduce postprandial glycemia, blood cholesterol and blood pressure.

2.It could control appetite and reduce body weight.

3.It could increase insulin sensitivity.
4.It could control insulin resistant syndrome and diabetesII development.
5.It could reduce heart disease.

[Application]

1) Gelatinizer(jelly, pudding, Cheese, soft candy, jam );

2) Stabilizer(meat, beer);

3) Film Former(capsule, preservative)

4) Water-keeping agent( Baked Foodstuff );

5) Thickener (Konjac Noodles, Konjac Stick, Konjac Slice, Konjac Imitating Food stuff);

6) Adherence agent( Surimi );

7) Foam Stabilizer (ice cream, cream, beer)

Stevia grows best in upland areas in sub-tropical climate. In other places it can be grown as an annual. The plant prefers a lightly textured, well-drained soil to which organic matter has been added. It needs ample water so that the soil is consistently moist, but not wet. In hot, sunny climates it will do best in semi-shade. Propagation is from seed sown in spring, but germination rates can be low-expect half the seeds sown not to germinate. Plant seedlings out once all danger of frost is over. Leaves are best harvested just before flowering. The plants will also grow from cuttings,which are best taken in late winter.The concentration of stevioside in the leaves of Stevia increasing when the plants are grown under long day condition.While, cultivating stevia on a large scale, it can be grown in well-drained red soil and sandy loam soil. The soil should be in the pH range of 6.5-7.5. Saline soils should be avoided to cultivate this plant.

Stevia can be successfully cultivated all around the year all over India expect theareas, which receive snowfall, or temperatures go below 5 degree Celsius in winter.The summer temperatures actually do not affect this plant if the high summer temperatures have already been factored in the cultivation practices.Since seed germination rate is very poor,it is propagated vegetative. Though stem cuttings are used for vegetative tissue culture plants have proven to be the best planting material for Stevia. Tissue culture plants of Stevia are genetically pure, free from pathogens and haveexcellent vigor. The tissue culture plants can be planted throughout the year,expect during peak summer. An ideal planting density is 40,000 plants per acre with spacing of 25×40 cm in a raised bed system. The soil can be enriched with abasal dressing of 25 tons of well rotten farmyard manure/hectare

Soil Type
Stevia requires very good drainage any soil that retain the moisture for very long period of time are unsuitable for Stevia cultivation and should be religiously avoided.Red soil and sandy loam with a 6-7 pH are best for the cultivation of Stevia.

Raised bed preparation
Forming raised beds is the most economical way to grow Stevia. The raised bed should be of 15 cm in height and 60 cm in width. The distance between each plant 23 cm. This would give a plant population of around 40,000 per acre.

Planting Material
There are basically two options for multiplication. The first is the tissue culture and second the stem cutting. Tissue culture is the best option but many farmers are tempted to try the stem cutting method for multiplication. As per practical experience, stem cutting is sometimes more expensive to produce than the tissue culture since the success rate of the stem cuttings establishment is very low, it takes minimum of 25 weeks for the stem cutting to develop in proper feeding roots for transplantation (younger stem cuttings transplants have shown more than 50% mortality in first few weeks of transplants in main field).

Harvesting
Another important aspect of harvesting is the timing of harvest. It should be noted that at no point of time plants should be allowed to flower since after flowering the Stevioside percentage goes down rapidly and leaves are rendered unmarketable. Leaves are harvested by plucking in a small quantity, or the entire plant with the side branches is cut leaving 10 to 15 cm from the base.The first harvesting can be done four to five months after planting. Subsequent harvesting can be done every three months, for five consecutive years. The sweetener in the leaf is maximum till the plant flowers. Just before flowering, the plant should be cut completely leaving 10 cm from the ground. The new flush of leaves will sprout from here. The new plant will be ready for harvest again in three months. The plant yields around 3000 kg of dried leaves from an acre of plantation every year. Harvesting should be done as late as possible, since cool autumn temperatures and shorter days tend to intensify the sweetness of the plants as they evolve into a reproductive state.

Unlocking the sweetness in your harvest
Once all leaves have been harvested it’s required to dry them. This can be
accomplished on a net. The drying process is not one that requires excessive heat;more important is good air circulation. On a moderately warm fall day, stevia crop can be quick dried in the full sun in about 12 hours. (Drying times longer than that will lower the stevioside content of the final product.)
Crushing the dried leaves is the final step in releasing stevia’s sweetening power. The
dried leaves are powdered, sieved and the fine powder is stored in containers. This can be done either by hand or, for greater effect, in a coffee grinder or in a special blender for herbs.

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An erect, green perennial under shrub, 15-45 cm. (rarely 90cm) high; tap root tuberous, soft, sometimes irregularly nodular; bark pale brown, corky with irregular longitudinal fissures; leaves in whorl of three, large, 7.5-17.5cm × 4.3-6.8 cm., elliptic-lanceolate or obavate, acute or acuminate, dark green above and pale green below; flowers white or
pinkish, in many-flowered cyme; fruit a drupe, slightly connate, obliquely ovoid, purplish black; pyrenes slightly rugose.

R. serpentina can be propagated by seeds, root cuttings, root stumps and stem cuttings. Seed propagation is done by direct sowing of seeds in the field has not been found successful and hence seedlings are raised in the nursery and transplanted in the field. The germination percentage of seeds is very poor and variable (25-50%) and is often as low as 10 percent. This is attributed partly to the adverse influence of the stony endocarp. For propagation root cuttings, large tap roots with a few filliform lateral secondary rootlets are used. Cuttings 2.5-5.0 cm long are planted horizontally about 5 cm. near 50% of the root cutting sprouts in about a month.
Propagation by root stumps using about 5 cm of root and a portion of stem above the collar. This method met with about 90-95 percent success or sometime even 100 percent.
Stem cuttings taken from woody twigs have also been tried for propagation. Hard wood cuttings have been found better than softwood cuttings; cuttings, 15.0-23.0 cm long having three internodes are most suitable.

Soil and Climate :
The plant grows in a wide variety of soils. The ideal pH 4.6 — 6.5. It prefers hot humid climate, humus rich sandy loam soil. A climate with a temperature range of 10 — 30°C seems to be well suited for this plant.

Uses :
Sarpagandha is used for the treatment of paranoia, schizophrenia, and hypertension.

Propagation :
Rauvolfia can be propagated by seed and also by vegetative means like root cutting, root stumps, and

stem cutting.
Planting :
Transplanting of the nursery grown seedlings of 40-50 days.

Irrigation :
Sarpagandha is cultivated as a rainfed crop. However, 4 irrigations if available in summer and 2 in winter at one month interval may be applied for higher yield.

Weeding :
Weeding, cleaning, hoeing twice during rains and after rains.

Harvesting & processing :
The marketable roots are generally collected 2-3 years after plantation preferably after 30 months of planting.

Yield :
The average yield of Rauvolfia dry root is approximately 1,500 kg/ha under average management when harvested at 30 months.

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